amakuru

1. Isoko mpuzamahanga

Bitewe n’imiterere yayo myiza, fibre y’ibirahure ishobora gukoreshwa nk’igisimbura icyuma. Bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’ubukungu n’ikoranabuhanga, fibre y’ibirahure ifite umwanya ukomeye mu bijyanye no gutwara abantu n’ibintu, ubwubatsi, ikoranabuhanga, ibyuma, inganda z’ibinyabutabire, kurengera igihugu, no kurengera ibidukikije. Ku isi yose, umusaruro w’ibirahure n’ikoreshwa ryabyo byiganje mu bihugu byateye imbere nka Burayi, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’Ubuyapani. Byongeye kandi, Uburayi ni nabwo karere gakoresha fibre y’ibirahure nyinshi ku isi, kandi fibre y’ibirahure ikenewe ingana na 35% by’umusaruro wose ku isi. Mu 2008, gahunda yo kwagura inganda z’ibirahure ku isi izaba yitonze cyane. Ukurikije uko isi ibibona, ubushobozi bwo gukora fibre y’ibirahure burimo kugenda buhoro. Mu 2010, umusaruro w’ibirahure ku isi yose uri hafi toni miliyoni 5, kandi byitezwe ko uzakura vuba mu gihe kizaza.

2. Isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu

Bitewe n'ivugurura rikomeye ry'ikoranabuhanga, ireme ryafibre y'ikirahure Ibicuruzwa mu gihugu cyanjye byageze ku rwego rwo hejuru, kandi ibicuruzwa bitunganywa mu buryo bwimbitse nabyo biriyongera buri mwaka. Mu rwego rwa fibre y'ibirahure mu gihugu cyanjye, inyungu y'ibigo iri hagati ya 25-35%, iri hejuru cyane ugereranyije n'inyungu z'amahanga za 10%. Ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze ku isi, inganda za fibre y'ibirahure zimaze igihe kinini zikora. Nk'imbaraga nshya mu rwego rwa fibre y'ibirahure, igihugu cyanjye cyagiye cyongera ubushobozi bwacyo bwo gukora ku kigero kirenga 20% buri mwaka binyuze mu mirimo ikomeye y'abahanga benshi. Kizatwara arenga 60% by'umugabane ku isi kandi kizaba icya mbere ku isoko mpuzamahanga rya fibre y'ibirahure.

Iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda zikora fibre z’ibirahuri mu gihugu cyanjye mu myaka ya vuba aha riterwa ahanini n’ibintu bibiri: gukurura amasoko yo mu gihugu no mu mahanga. Ukwiyongera kw’isoko mpuzamahanga buri mwaka bituma icyifuzo cyose kiyongera, kandi bigatuma amwe mu masosiyete yo mu mahanga atanga umwanya ku masosiyete yo mu gihugu ku isoko mpuzamahanga bitewe n’ubushobozi buke bwo gukora; mu gihe iterambere ry’isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu rigira akamaro ku iterambere ryihuse ry’amasosiyete yo mu gihugu. Nyuma y’imyaka irenga mirongo itanu y’iterambere, urwego rw’ibirahuri rw’igihugu cyanjye rwagize urwego runini. Ugereranyije n’urwego runini rw’ibirahuri rw’ibirahuri ku isi, ibicuruzwa by’ibirahuri by’igihugu cyanjye bifite imiterere mike kandi bifite aho bigarukira ho gukoreshwa. Ariko ibi ni mu rundi ruhande, inganda z’ibirahuri z’igihugu cyanjye zikora fibre z’ibirahuri zigenda zitera imbere buri munsi, kandi hari umwanya munini wo kunoza.

Inganda z'ibirahuri zo mu gihugu cyanjye ntizatangiye mbere nk'uko ibihugu byateye imbere byatangiye, ariko nyuma y'imyaka 20 y'akazi gakomeye, inganda z'ibirahuri zo mu gihugu cyanjye zageze ku iterambere ritangaje. Umuvuduko w'iterambere ry'ibicuruzwa by'igihugu cyanjye urihuta cyane. Ugereranyije n'ibindi bihugu byateye imbere, igihugu cyanjye nacyo kiri mu bya mbere mu iterambere ry'iterambere. Hagati mu myaka ya 1980, umusaruro w'ibirahuri byo mu gihugu cyanjye wari munsi ya toni 100.000, bingana na 5% by'umusaruro w'ibirahuri byose ku isi. Ariko, nyuma ya 1990, inganda z'ibirahuri zateye imbere vuba. Ubwo inganda z'ibirahuri ku isi mu 2001-2003 zari mu ngorane, bitandukanye n'ibindi bihugu, igihugu cyacu cyagize ingaruka nke, kandi umusaruro wari ukomeje kwiyongera. Mu 2003, umusaruro w'ibirahuri mu gihugu cyanjye wageze kuri toni 470.000 buri mwaka, ugera kuri 20% by'umusaruro w'ibirahuri byose ku isi, kandi wujuje neza ibipimo bya "Gahunda ya Cumi y'Imyaka Itanu". Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga birajyana, cyane cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha, iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda zikora fibre z’ibirahuri mu gihugu cyanjye, bigatuma ingano y’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga nayo yiyongera ku buryo burambuye.

Mu 2003, ingano y’ibirahure byoherezwa mu mahanga bya fibre y’igihugu cyanjye yari irenze kimwe cya kabiri cy’umusaruro wose. Ku rundi ruhande, inganda z’ibirahure zo mu gihugu cyanjye zari zijyanye n’isi, zihujwe n’isi, kandi ibyiza byazo ku isoko mpuzamahanga nabyo biriyongera. Bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’ibirahure mu gihugu cyanjye, icyifuzo cy’ikoranabuhanga rishya n’ibicuruzwa bishya byo mu mahanga kiriyongera, ibyo bikaba byarashinze uruziga rwiza. Mu 2004, igihugu cyanjye cyari cyageze ku nzozi zacyo z’igihe kirekire zo kohereza hanze ibirenze ibyo gitumiza mu mahanga.

Mu 2006, umusaruro w’ibirahure bya fibre mu gihugu cyanjye wari toni miliyoni 1.16 ku mwaka, byiyongereyeho 22%, kandi igipimo cyo kugurisha ibicuruzwa cyarenze 99%. Imari y’ibigo by’ibirahure bya fibre yarenze miliyari 23.7 z’amayuani, byiyongereyeho arenga 30%. Nubwo ibiciro by’ibikoresho fatizo byazamutse, inyungu nazo zazamutse kubera ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere. Inyungu y’inganda zose z’ibirahure za fibre ni hafi miliyari 2.6 z’amayuani, byiyongereyeho hafi 40%. Ku bijyanye n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, amadovize yinjije hafi miliyari 1.2 z’amadolari y’Amerika, kandi umubare w’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga wageze kuri toni 790.000, byiyongereyeho 39%. Mu 2007, agaciro k’umusaruro w’inganda z’ibirahure za fibre mu gihugu cyanjye kageze kuri miliyari 37.2, byiyongereyeho 38% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize. Inyungu yose yageze kuri miliyari 3.5 z’amayuani, byiyongereyeho 51% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize.

Mu 2008, bitewe n’ihungabana ry’ubukungu ku isi, igihugu cyanjye nacyo cyagizweho ingaruka, maze ibicuruzwa by’ibirahure byoherezwa mu mahanga birakomera cyane. Bitewe n’ihungabana ry’ubukungu mpuzamahanga muri rusange n’ubusumbane bukomeye hagati y’ibitangwa n’ibikenewe, igihugu cyanjye cyateje imbere cyane ibicuruzwa biri hasi mu nganda z’ibirahure, kandi igihombo cy’inganda z’ibirahure mu gihugu cyanjye kiragabanuka.

Mu mpera za 2011, umusaruro w’ubudodo bw’ibirahuri mu gihugu cyanjye wageze kuri toni miliyoni 3.72, ubwiyongere bwa 17%. Ukurikije umusaruro w’intara zitandukanye n’imijyi hirya no hino mu gihugu, umusaruro w’ubudodo bw’ibirahuri mu Ntara ya Shandong wiyongereye cyane, aho umusaruro w’ibirahuri wageze kuri toni miliyoni 1.25 ku mwaka, wiyongereyeho ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize. 19%, bingana na 34% by’umusaruro w’ibirahuri mu gihugu. Ku mwanya wa kabiri hari intara ya Zhejiang, ifite 20% by’umusaruro wose. Uko inganda z’ibirahuri zikura vuba kandi vuba, irushanwa riri mu nganda rirushaho kwiyongera, bityo amasosiyete menshi meza yatangiye kwibanda ku bushakashatsi ku isoko, no guharanira gukora ibicuruzwa bihuye n’ibyo abakiriya bakeneye byose.

Ku rwego runini, bitewe n’iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’akarere ka Aziya na Pasifika, Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati bukomeje kwiyongera bitewe n’iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’akarere ka Aziya na Pasifika. Kandi bitewe n’iterambere rikomeje ry’ikoranabuhanga, abantu bazakoresha fibre y’ibirahure mu bijyanye n’ingufu z’umuyaga, bityo icyizere cy’inganda zikora fibre y’ibirahure nacyo kiragaragara cyane.

3. CQDJ ifite ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa: E-glass Fiberglass roving,urujya n'uruza rw'ibirahuri biboshye, umugozi waciwemo imigozi ya fiberglass,igitambaro cy'urushundura rwa fiberglass, kongeramo fiberglass,inkoni ya fiberglass,resin ya polyester idasembuye, resin ya ester ya vinyl,resin ya epoxy, resin ya gel coat, yunganira FRP,fibre ya karuboni, n'ibindi bikoresho fatizo bya FRP.

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