Mwisi nini ya polymrike yubukorikori, ijambo "polyester" rirahari hose. Ariko, ntabwo arikintu kimwe ahubwo ni umuryango wa polymers ufite imiterere itandukanye cyane. Kubashakashatsi, ababikora, abashushanya, hamwe nabakunzi ba DIY, gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ryibanze hagatipolyesternapolyester idahagijeni ngombwa. Ntabwo ari chimie yubumenyi gusa; ni itandukaniro hagati y icupa ryamazi rirambye, umubiri wimodoka ya siporo nziza, igitambaro cyiza, hamwe nubwato bukomeye.

Ubu buyobozi bwuzuye buzerekana ubu bwoko bubiri bwa polymer. Tuzacengera mubikorwa byabo bya shimi, dushakishe imiterere yabyo, kandi tumurikire ibyo basanzwe bakora. Mugihe cyanyuma, uzashobora gutandukanya hagati yawe wizeye kandi wumve ibikoresho bikwiranye nibyo ukeneye byihariye.

Urebye: Itandukaniro ryibanze

Itandukaniro rimwe ryingenzi cyane riri mumigongo ya molekuline nuburyo bakize (bikomye muburyo bukomeye bwa nyuma).

·Polyester idahagije (UPE): Ibiranga reaction ebyiri zifatika (C = C) mumugongo wacyo. Mubisanzwe ni resin isukuye isaba monomer idakora (nka styrene) hamwe na catalizator kugirango ikire muri plastiki ikomeye, ihujwe, ihuza plasitike. TekerezaFiberglass Yashimangiye Plastike (FRP).

Polyester Yuzuye: Kubura iyi reaction ya reaction ebyiri; urunigi rwarwo "rwuzuye" hamwe na atome ya hydrogen. Mubisanzwe ni thermoplastique ikomeye yoroshya iyo ishyushye kandi igakomera iyo ikonje, itanga uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusubiramo. Tekereza amacupa ya PET cyangwapolyester fibrey'imyenda.

Kubaho cyangwa kutabaho kwi karuboni ebyiri zitegeka ibintu byose uhereye kuburyo bwo gutunganya kugeza kubintu byanyuma.

Kwibira cyane muri Polyester idahagije (UPE)

Poliester idahagijeni amafarashi yakazi ya thermosetting inganda. Byaremwe binyuze muri polycondensation reaction hagati ya diacide (cyangwa anhydride) na diol. Urufunguzo ni uko igice cya diacide ikoreshwa kidahagije, nka anhydride ya manic cyangwa aside fumaric, itangiza imyuka ikomeye ya karubone-karubone ihuza urunigi rwa polymer.

Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga UPE:

· Thermosetting:Iyo bimaze gukira binyuze mu guhuza, bihinduka umuyoboro wa 3D udashobora gukemuka. ntibishobora gusubirwamo cyangwa guhindurwa; gushyushya bitera kubora, ntibishonga.

· Uburyo bwo gukiza:Irasaba ibice bibiri by'ingenzi:

1. Monomer ikora: Styrene irasanzwe. Iyi monomer ikora nkigisubizo cyo kugabanya ububobere bwa resin kandi, cyane cyane, guhuza imiyoboro ibiri muminyururu ya polyester mugihe cyo gukira.
2. Catalyst / Initiator: Mubisanzwe peroxide kama (urugero, MEKP - Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide). Uru ruganda rwangirika kubyara radicals yubuntu itangiza kwambukiranya reaction.

· Gushimangira:UPE resin ikoreshwa gake. Hafi buri gihe bishimangirwa nibikoresho nkafiberglass, fibre, cyangwa minerval yuzuza gukora ibice bifite imbaraga zidasanzwe-zingana.

· Ibyiza:Imbaraga zubukanishi buhebuje, imiti myiza yikirere nikirere (cyane cyane ninyongeramusaruro), ituze ryiza, hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije nyuma yo gukira. Birashobora gutegurwa kubikenewe byihariye nko guhinduka, kubura umuriro, cyangwa kurwanya ruswa nyinshi.

Porogaramu Rusange ya UPE:

Inganda zo mu nyanja:Ubwato, ubwato, nibindi bikoresho.

Ubwikorezi:Imodoka yimodoka, kabisi yikamyo, nibice bya RV.

· Ubwubatsi:Kubaka imbaho, impapuro zo hejuru, ibikoresho by'isuku (ubwogero, ubwogero), n'ibigega by'amazi.

· Imiyoboro n'ibigega:Ku bimera bitunganya imiti kubera kurwanya ruswa.

· Ibicuruzwa byabaguzi:

· Ibuye ryakozwe:Imashini ya quartz ikora.

Kwibira cyane muri Polyester Yuzuye

Poliester yuzuyezakozwe kuva reaction ya polycondensation hagati ya diacide yuzuye (urugero, aside terephthalic cyangwa aside adipic) hamwe na diol zuzuye (urugero, glycol ya Ethylene). Hatariho imigozi ibiri mumugongo, iminyururu iringaniye kandi ntishobora kwambukiranya muburyo bumwe.

Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga Polyester Yuzuye:

· Thermoplastique:Baroroshyarimwegushyuha no gukomera iyo ukonje.Iyi nzira irahindurwa kandi itanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gutunganya nko guterwa inshinge no kuyisohora, kandi igafasha gutunganya.

· Nta gukiza hanze gukenewe:Ntibisaba catalizator cyangwa reaction ya monomer kugirango ikomere. Bakomera gusa mugukonja kumiterere yashonze.

· Ubwoko:Iki cyiciro kirimo plastike izwi cyane yubuhanga:

PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate): Theimbererusangeubwoko, ikoreshwa kuri fibre no gupakira.

PBT (Polybutylene Terephthalate): plastiki ikomeye, ikomeye.

PC (Polyakarubone): Akenshi yashyizwe hamwe na polyester kubera imiterere isa, nubwo chimie yayo itandukanye gato (ni polyester ya acide karubone).

· Ibyiza:Imbaraga nziza zubukanishi, ubukana buhebuje no kurwanya ingaruka, imiti irwanya imiti, hamwe nibikorwa byiza.Bamenyereye kandi kubintu byumvikana byamashanyarazi.

Porogaramu Rusange ya Polyester Yuzuye:

Imyenda:Porogaramu imwe nini.Fibre polyestery'imyenda, amatapi, n'ibitambara.

Gupakira:PET ni ibikoresho byamacupa y’ibinyobwa bidasembuye, ibikoresho byokurya, hamwe na firime zipakira.

· Amashanyarazi na Electronics:Guhuza, guhinduranya, hamwe ninzu kubera kubika neza no kurwanya ubushyuhe (urugero, PBT).

Imodoka:Ibigize nkibikoresho byo kumuryango, bumpers, hamwe nuburaro bwamatara.

· Ibicuruzwa byabaguzi:

Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga:Ubwoko bumwebumwe bwo gupakira hamwe nibigize.

Imbonerahamwe yo Kugereranya Umutwe

Impamvu Itandukaniro rifite akamaro ku nganda n'abaguzi

Guhitamo ubwoko butari bwiza bwa polyester birashobora gutuma ibicuruzwa bitananirwa, ibiciro byiyongereye, nibibazo byumutekano.

· Kubushakashatsi Bwashushanyije:Niba ukeneye igice kinini, gikomeye, cyoroheje, kandi cyihanganira ubushyuhe nkubwato bwubwato, ugomba guhitamo thermosetting UPE ikomatanya. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo gushyirwa mu ntoki no gukira ku bushyuhe bwicyumba ninyungu yingenzi kubintu binini. Niba ukeneye amamiriyoni amwe, asobanutse neza, asubirwamo nkibikoresho byamashanyarazi, thermoplastique nka PBT nuguhitamo neza kubumba inshinge nyinshi.

· Kubashinzwe Kuramba:Gusubiramopolyester yuzuye(cyane cyane PET) ninyungu nkuru. Amacupa ya PET arashobora gukusanywa neza no gukoreshwa mumacupa mashya cyangwa fibre (rPET). UPE, nka thermoset, birazwi ko bigoye kuyisubiramo. Ibicuruzwa byanyuma byubuzima UPE akenshi birangirira mumyanda cyangwa bigomba gutwikwa, nubwo gusya imashini (kugirango bikoreshwe nkuzuza) hamwe nuburyo bwo gutunganya imiti burimo kugaragara.

· Ku Muguzi:Iyo uguze ishati ya polyester, uba ukorana na apolyester. Iyo winjiye mumashanyarazi ya fiberglass, uba ukora ku bicuruzwa bikozwe muripolyester idahagije. Gusobanukirwa iri tandukaniro bisobanura impamvu icupa ryamazi yawe rishobora gushonga no gukoreshwa, mugihe kayak yawe idashobora.

Kazoza ka Polyester: Guhanga udushya no Kuramba

Ubwihindurize bwombi bwuzuye kandipolyester idahagijeikomeza ku buryo bwihuse.

· Ibiribwa bishingiye kuri Bio:Ubushakashatsi bwibanze ku gukora UPE hamwe na polyester zuzuye zivuye mumitungo ishobora kuvugururwa nka glycol ishingiye ku bimera na acide kugirango bigabanye gushingira ku bicanwa biva mu kirere.

· Gutunganya tekinoroji:Kuri UPE, imbaraga zikomeye zigiye mugutezimbere uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya imiti kugirango isenye polymers ihujwe na monomer zikoreshwa. Kuri polyester zuzuye, iterambere mubikorwa bya mashini na chimique byongera umusaruro neza hamwe nubwiza bwibirimo.

· Ibigize byinshi:UPE ihora itezimbere kugirango irinde umuriro, kurwanya UV, hamwe nubukanishi kugirango byuzuze amahame akomeye yinganda.

· Thermoplastique ikora cyane:Amanota mashya ya polyester yuzuye hamwe na co-polyester arimo gutezwa imbere hamwe nubushyuhe bwongerewe ubushyuhe, ubwumvikane, hamwe nimbogamizi kubikoresho bipfunyika hamwe nibikorwa bya injeniyeri.

Umwanzuro: Imiryango ibiri, Izina rimwe

Mugihe basangiye izina, polyester zuzuye kandi zidahagije ni imiryango yibintu itandukanye ikorera isi itandukanye.Polyester idahagije (UPE)ni nyampinga wa thermosetting yingufu nyinshi, irwanya ruswa, ikora inkingi yinganda kuva marine kugeza mubwubatsi. Polyester yuzuye ni umwami wa thermoplastique wumwami wapakira hamwe nimyenda, uhabwa agaciro kubera ubukana bwacyo, gusobanuka, no gukoreshwa neza.

Itandukaniro riva mubintu byoroheje bya shimi-karuboni ebyiri-ariko ingaruka zo gukora, kubishyira mu bikorwa, no kurangiza ubuzima ni ndende. Mugusobanukirwa iri tandukaniro rikomeye, abayikora barashobora guhitamo neza ubwenge, kandi abaguzi barashobora gusobanukirwa neza nisi igoye ya polymers ihindura ubuzima bwacu bwa none.

Twandikire:

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