amakuru

Mu buryo bwagutse, imyumvire yacu ya fibre yibirahuri yamye nantaryo ari ibintu bidahuje umubiri bidafite ubutare, ariko hamwe nubushakashatsi bwimbitse, tuzi ko mubyukuri hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibirahure, kandi bifite imikorere myiza, kandi harahari nibyiza cyane Ibyiza. Kurugero, imbaraga za mashini zayo ziri hejuru cyane, kandi kurwanya ubushyuhe no kurwanya ruswa nabyo ni byiza cyane. Nukuri ko nta bikoresho bitunganye, kandi fibre yibirahure nayo ifite inenge zayo zidashobora kwirengagizwa, ni ukuvuga ko idashobora kwihanganira kwambara kandi ikunda guhindagurika. Kubwibyo, mubikorwa bifatika, tugomba gukoresha imbaraga zacu kandi tukirinda intege nke zacu.

Ibikoresho fatizo bya fibre fibre biroroshye kubona, cyane cyane ibirahuri bishaje cyangwa ibicuruzwa byikirahure. Fibre yikirahure ni nziza cyane, kandi monofilaments zirenga 20 hamwe hamwe zingana nubunini bwimisatsi. Ubusanzwe ibirahuri birashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho bishimangira ibikoresho. Bitewe n'ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwibirahure mumyaka yashize, bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa byacu no mubuzima. Ingingo zikurikira zisobanura cyane cyane uburyo bwo gukora no gukoresha fibre yibirahure. Iyi ngingo itangiza imiterere, ibice byingenzi, ibiranga nyamukuru, hamwe nibikoresho bya fibre fibre. Ingingo zikurikira zizaganira ku buryo bwo gukora, kurinda umutekano, Gukoresha nyamukuru, kurinda umutekano, inganda n’iterambere ry’iterambere birasobanuwe.

Introduction

1.1 Ibirahuri bya fibre

Ikindi kintu cyiza kiranga fibre yibirahure nimbaraga zayo zikomeye, zishobora kugera kuri 6.9g / d muburyo busanzwe na 5.8g / d mubihe bitose. Ibintu byiza cyane bituma ibirahuri bya fibre akenshi Birashobora gukoreshwa kwisi yose nkibikoresho bishimangira. Ifite ubucucike bwa 2.54. Fibre fibre nayo irwanya ubushyuhe cyane, kandi igumana imiterere isanzwe kuri 300 ° C. Fiberglass nayo rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa cyane nkubushyuhe bwumuriro hamwe nibikoresho bikingira, bitewe nuburyo bukoresha amashanyarazi kandi ntibishobora kwangirika byoroshye.

1.2 Ibyingenzi

Ibigize fibre fibre biragoye. Mubisanzwe, ibice byingenzi bizwi na buri wese ni silika, oxyde ya magnesium, sodium oxyde, boron oxyde, oxyde ya aluminium, calcium oxyde nibindi. Diameter ya monofilament ya fibre yibirahure igera kuri microne 10, bihwanye na 1/10 cya diameter yumusatsi. Buri bundle ya fibre igizwe nibihumbi bya monofilaments. Igikorwa cyo gushushanya kiratandukanye gato. Mubisanzwe, ibiri muri silika muri fibre fibre bingana na 50% kugeza 65%. Imbaraga zingana za fibre yibirahure irimo aluminium oxyde irenga 20% ni hejuru cyane, mubisanzwe fibre yibirahure ifite imbaraga nyinshi, mugihe oxyde ya aluminiyumu yibirahuri bitarimo alkali mubusanzwe ari 15%. Niba ushaka gukora fibre yikirahure ifite modulus nini ya elastique, ugomba kwemeza ko ibirimo okiside ya magnesium irenze 10%. Kubera fibre yikirahure irimo aside ya ferricike nkeya, irwanya ruswa yatejwe imbere kuburyo butandukanye.

1.3 Ibyingenzi

1.3.1 Ibikoresho bito n'ibisabwa

Ugereranije na fibre idasanzwe, imiterere yibirahuri birarenze. Biragoye cyane gutwika, kutarwanya ubushyuhe, kubika ubushyuhe, guhagarara neza, no kwihanganira ubukana. Ariko iracitse kandi ifite kwihanganira kwambara nabi. Ikoreshwa mugukora plastike ishimangiwe cyangwa ikoreshwa mugukomeza reberi, nkibikoresho byibirahure byibirahure bifite ibiranga bikurikira:

(1) Imbaraga zayo zingana ninziza kuruta ibindi bikoresho, ariko kuramba ni bike cyane.

(2) Coefficient ya elastique irakwiriye.

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(5) Ntibyoroshye gufata amazi.

(6) Kurwanya ubushyuhe kandi bihamye muri kamere, ntabwo byoroshye kubyitwaramo.

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(8) Irashobora gutanga urumuri.

(9) Kuberako ibikoresho byoroshye kubona, igiciro ntabwo gihenze.

(10) Ku bushyuhe bwinshi, aho gutwikwa, bishonga mu masaro y'amazi.

1.4 Ibyiciro

Ukurikije ibipimo bitandukanye, fibre y'ibirahure irashobora kugabanwa muburyo bwinshi. Ukurikije imiterere n'uburebure butandukanye, irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu: fibre ikomeza, fibre fibre hamwe na fibre ndende. Ukurikije ibice bitandukanye, nkibiri muri alkali, birashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu: fibre idafite ibirahuri bitarimo alkali, fibre yikirahure ya alkali, hamwe nikirahure kinini cya alkali.

1.5 Umusaruro wibanze

Mubikorwa nyabyo byinganda, kugirango tubyare fibre yibirahure, dukeneye alumina, umucanga wa quartz, hekeste, pyrophyllite, dolomite, ivu rya soda, mirabilite, aside boric, fluorite, fibre yubutaka, nibindi.

1.6 Uburyo bwo gukora

Uburyo bwo gukora inganda burashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: kimwe nukubanza gushonga fibre yibirahure, hanyuma ugakora ibicuruzwa byikirahure cyangwa imeze nkibiti bifite diameter ntoya. Noneho, irashyuha ikongera gushonga muburyo butandukanye bwo gukora fibre nziza ifite diameter ya 3-80 mm. Ubundi bwoko nabwo bwabanje gushonga ikirahure, ariko butanga fibre fibre aho kuba inkoni cyangwa imirima. Icyitegererezo cyaje gukururwa hifashishijwe isahani ya platine ikoresheje uburyo bwo gushushanya. Ingingo zavuyemo zitwa fibre zihoraho. Niba fibre yashushanijwe binyuze mumurongo wa roller, ingingo zavuyemo zitwa fibre idahagarikwa, bizwi kandi nka fibre y'ibirahure-ndende, hamwe na fibre staple.

1.7 Gutanga amanota

Ukurikije ibice bitandukanye, imikoreshereze n'imiterere ya fibre fibre, igabanijwemo amanota atandukanye. Ibirahuri by'ibirahuri byacurujwe ku rwego mpuzamahanga ni ibi bikurikira:

1.7.1 E-ikirahure

Ni ikirahure cya borate, nacyo cyitwa ikirahuri kitagira alkali mubuzima bwa buri munsi. Kubera ibyiza byinshi, niyo ikoreshwa cyane. Kugeza ubu niyo ikoreshwa cyane, nubwo ikoreshwa cyane, ariko kandi ifite inenge byanze bikunze. Biroroshye kubyakira hamwe nunyunyu ngugu, kuburyo bigoye kubika mubidukikije.

1.7.2 C-ikirahure

Mubikorwa nyabyo, byitwa kandi ikirahuri cya alkali giciriritse, gifite imiterere ihamye ya chimique kandi irwanya aside nziza. Ikibi cyayo nuko imbaraga za mashini zitari hejuru kandi imikorere yamashanyarazi ni mibi. Ahantu hatandukanye hari amahame atandukanye. Mu nganda zo mu bwoko bwa fibre fibre, nta kintu cya boron kiri mu kirahure cya alkali. Ariko mu nganda zo mu mahanga ibirahuri bya fibre, ibyo bakora ni ikirahuri cya alkali giciriritse kirimo boron. Ntabwo ibirimo gusa bitandukanye, ariko kandi uruhare rwakoreshejwe ikirahuri giciriritse-alkali mugihugu ndetse no mumahanga nacyo kiratandukanye. Ibirahuri bya fibre yububiko hamwe nibirahuri bya fibre fibre ikorerwa mumahanga bikozwe mubirahuri bya alkali. Mu musaruro, ikirahuri cya alkali giciriritse nacyo gikora muri asfalt. Mu gihugu cyanjye, impamvu ifatika ni uko ikoreshwa cyane kubera igiciro cyayo gito cyane, kandi ikora ahantu hose mu gupfunyika imyenda no kuyungurura.

Inkoni ya Fiberglass

1.7.3 Ibirahuri by'ibirahuri Ikirahure

Mu musaruro, abantu babyita kandi ikirahure kinini-alkali, kiri mu kirahuri cya sodium silikate, ariko kubera ko irwanya amazi, muri rusange ntabwo ikorwa nka fibre yibirahure.

1.7.4 Ikirahuri cya Fiberglass D.

Yitwa kandi ikirahure cya dielectric kandi muri rusange ni ibikoresho fatizo byingenzi bya fibre ya dielectric.

1.7.5 Ikirahuri fibre ikirahure gikomeye

Imbaraga zayo ziri hejuru ya 1/4 kiruta icy'ibikoresho bya E-ibirahure, kandi modulus yayo ya elastique iruta iy'ibikoresho bya E-ibirahure. Bitewe ninyungu zinyuranye, igomba gukoreshwa cyane, ariko kubera igiciro cyayo kinini, kuri ubu irakoreshwa gusa mubice bimwe na bimwe byingenzi, nk'inganda za gisirikare, ikirere n'ibindi.

1.7.5 Ikirahure fibre AR ikirahure

Yitwa kandi ibirahuri byangiza ibirahuri byitwa alkali, ni fibre yera idakoreshwa kandi ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byongera imbaraga muri fibre fibre fer. Mubihe bimwe, irashobora no gusimbuza ibyuma na asibesitosi.

1.7.6 Ikirahure fibre E-CR ikirahure

Nibirahure bitarimo boron kandi ibirahuri bidafite alkali. Kuberako irwanya amazi yikubye inshuro 10 kurenza iy'ibirahuri bitagira alkali, ikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibicuruzwa birwanya amazi. Byongeye kandi, aside irwanya nayo irakomeye cyane, kandi ifite umwanya wiganje mu gukora no gukoresha imiyoboro yo munsi. Usibye ibisanzwe byibirahure byavuzwe haruguru, abahanga ubu bakoze ubwoko bushya bwibirahure. Kuberako aribicuruzwa bitarimo boron, bihaza abantu gukurikirana ibidukikije. Mu myaka yashize, hari ubundi bwoko bwa fibre fibre ikunzwe cyane, aribwo fibre yikirahure hamwe nibirahuri bibiri. Mubicuruzwa by ibirahuri byubu, dushobora kumenya ko bihari.

1.8 Kumenyekanisha fibre yibirahure

Uburyo bwo gutandukanya fibre yibirahure biroroshye cyane, nukuvuga, shyira fibre yibirahuri mumazi, ubushyuhe kugeza amazi abira, ukabika amasaha 6-7. Niba ubonye ko icyerekezo cyogosha nicyuma cyibirahure byikirahure bidahinduka, ni fibre ndende ya alkali. . Ukurikije ibipimo bitandukanye, hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gutondekanya ibirahuri byibirahure, mubisanzwe bigabanijwe ukurikije uburebure na diameter, ibihimbano nibikorwa.

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